Aspetos cronobiológicos e do sono associados ao neurodesenvolvimento e desempenho escolar em idade pediátrica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23882/NE2149Palavras-chave:
neurodesenvolvimento, performance académica, ritmos circadianos, sonoResumo
Os ritmos biológicos, e o sono enquanto seu representante de destaque, são fatores biofuncionais relevantes no desenvolvimento neuro-cognitivo e comportamental, com particular interesse no domínio pediátrico. Aspetos concretos, associados à homeostasia do sistema nervoso central e de funções superiores com o equilíbrio socio-afetivo, o juízo crítico, a consolidação de memórias e capacidade de aprendizagem, relacionam-se frequentemente, nestas fases da vida, com a estabilidade do sistema temporal circadiano e com a individualidade temporal definida pelo cronotipo. O sono inadequado ou insuficiente tem, por outro lado, um impacto negativo em diversos parâmetros biopsicossociais que interagem com esses domínios e que condicionam o normal desenvolvimento traduzido em alterações no desempenho neuro-cognitivo e comportamental. Esta revisão incide sobre os aspetos fundamentais da cronobiologia e da fisiologia do sono aplicados ao neurodesenvolvimento e sua aplicabilidade no contexto educacional em relação com o desempenho escolar.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2021 Miguel Meira e Cruz, Fernanda Dubourg
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